This research examines gender bias in leadership recognition. Despite evidence that women exhibit effective transformational leadership, male employees often undervalue female leaders. This bias affects promotion decisions, reinforcing the glass ceiling. The study highlights the need to address perception gaps to achieve genuine gender equality in senior leadership roles.

This ethnographic study examines how amateur football empowers women in Argentina and Brazil. Despite historical exclusion, participation helps women challenge gender norms, build confidence, and form supportive communities. Football becomes a pathway to broader social empowerment, offering insights for policies promoting gender equality through increased access to sport.