This research shows how urban design shapes daily mobility and social encounters. Access to shops and transport influences how often people travel, how long they stay out, and who they meet. Cities do not just organize movement—they also structure social segregation and diversity through spatial design.

A cross-cultural study of urban beauty shows that perceptions vary widely across individuals. Using Google Street View images and participant rankings from 20 countries, the research found no shared standards of beauty and no demographic explanations. While individuals were internally consistent, beauty judgments were deeply subjective, challenging data-driven approaches to urban design.