This research examines how older adults manage indoor environmental conditions while aging in place. It highlights the importance of “adaptive opportunities,” such as adjusting surroundings or behavior, and identifies barriers like mobility and cost. The goal is to develop practical strategies to improve comfort, health, and independence for aging populations at home.

This research shows how urban design shapes daily mobility and social encounters. Access to shops and transport influences how often people travel, how long they stay out, and who they meet. Cities do not just organize movement—they also structure social segregation and diversity through spatial design.