This research investigates cognitive diversity in software engineering. Through eye-tracking and think-aloud studies, it shows that engineers approach problems differently, while existing software tools often favour particular thinking styles. Designing more inclusive tools could improve performance, broaden participation in decision-making, and reduce unintended bias in the technologies we build.

Generative AI chatbots are predictive systems that generate human-like responses without true understanding. Using large datasets, they model word relationships similarly to weather forecasting. While effective, they can produce convincing inaccuracies, or “hallucinations.” This research emphasizes interpreting AI realistically—as probabilistic tools with limitations—rather than attributing human cognition to them.