This research examines how maternal self-efficacy develops during matrescence, the transition to motherhood. Through interviews with new mothers and analysis of the SPACE programme, it shows that confidence in parenting grows not from perfection but from supportive environments, highlighting the need to rebuild community support for new mothers.

As urban living increases, access to green and blue spaces may play a crucial role in pregnancy health. This longitudinal PhD research uses anonymised health records to examine how nearby nature affects maternal mental health and birth outcomes, with evidence suggesting reduced pregnancy complications and important implications for urban planning and public health policy.