This research improves climate prediction models by developing advanced computational methods for simulating cloud microphysics. By tracking more detailed information about cloud droplets and aerosol interactions, the work enhances understanding of how clouds influence Earth’s energy balance, rainfall, and climate change, helping reduce uncertainty in long-term global climate projections.

This research develops stable-isotope tools to measure how microbes—the Earth’s “lungs”—breathe CO₂ in and out. Microbes are massively abundant and shape global climate. Findings show deep subsurface environments slowly emit CO₂, a process that may influence future climate dynamics as human-driven environmental changes accelerate.