This research investigates how the olfactory system of the Spanish ribbed newt adapts between aquatic and terrestrial environments. By analyzing cellular and genetic changes in the nose, the study reveals remarkable sensory plasticity, offering broader insights into nervous system flexibility and potential implications for understanding neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia.

Pain-sensing neurons require the gene PRDM12 not only to develop, but also to maintain their identity in adulthood. Removing PRDM12 causes neurons to express mixed identities, disrupting function. Understanding how neuron identity is preserved may enable regeneration of pain-sensing neurons and lead to new, non-addictive pain treatments.