This research examines how changing reproductive laws affect access to IVF following the Alabama embryo personhood ruling. Using interviews, observation, and policy analysis, it reveals how legal uncertainty threatens fertility treatment, reproductive autonomy, and healthcare access, while informing policies that better protect reproductive rights and family-building opportunities.

The research develops a precise measure of auditor expertise using new partner-level data. By matching an auditor’s specific experience to a client’s most complex accounts, the measure predicts lower audit failure rates and higher efficiency. Strengthening understanding of auditor characteristics helps protect financial markets and prevent future audit-driven crises.