This research develops advanced optical imaging technology to observe neurons firing in real time throughout the brain. By combining high-speed microscopy with flexible fibre-optic image relays, the system overcomes the challenge of light scattering, enabling clearer recordings of neural activity and deeper insights into brain function.

This research studies neutrinos—elusive particles that rarely interact with matter—and their ability to change type, known as neutrino oscillation. Using detectors in Japan, the experiment compares neutrinos before and after travel. Improved near-detector accuracy enables precise measurements, helping explain fundamental questions about matter, antimatter, and the structure of the universe.