This research develops programmable active materials that function like soft robots without electronics or external control systems. Using 3D-printed liquid crystal elastomers, the work engineers materials that sense temperature and autonomously deform, fold, and locomote, demonstrating how microscopic material structure can be programmed to produce complex robotic behavior.

This research develops soft robots using liquid crystal elastomers that act as artificial muscles. By designing materials at the molecular level and 3D printing them into responsive structures, researchers can create flexible robots that move like animals. These soft robots could navigate tight spaces during search-and-rescue missions after disasters.