Dark matter makes up most of the universe but cannot be directly observed. This research studies how dark matter halos evolve using cosmological simulations and the principle of maximum entropy. Results show halo entropy increases over time, indicating their evolution toward equilibrium follows fundamental thermodynamic principles.

This talk explains magnetic refrigeration, a sustainable cooling technology that uses magnetocaloric materials to generate heating and cooling through controlled changes in magnetic and lattice entropy. The research focuses on tuning Curie temperatures—especially via cobalt substitution—and understanding first- vs second-order transitions to design efficient, environmentally friendly refrigeration materials.