This research investigates the potential of geothermal energy to decarbonise heating in Ireland. By analysing the properties of buried Triassic sandstones, it explores whether heated groundwater can be extracted, used, and reinjected. Widespread adoption could reduce carbon emissions, provide renewable heat, and improve Ireland’s long-term energy security.

Using cake as an analogy, this research explains how buried sandstones can store naturally heated water for geothermal energy. By studying rock outcrops, cores, and microscopic structures, the work assesses sandstone quality to unlock reliable, renewable heat for buildings—available year-round as a low-carbon energy source.