This research investigates how the EU's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) could reshape UK manufacturing investment. By analysing multinational firms and environmental trade policies, it aims to identify when green regulations encourage companies to invest in the UK, helping policymakers attract sustainable industries, create jobs, and reverse long-term industrial decline.

This research examines why small powers shift foreign policy alignment. It argues that disappointment in inherited partners, combined with domestic instability and security pressures, drives realignment. Case studies of Georgia and Armenia illustrate these dynamics, offering a clearer framework for understanding alliance changes in a global context where small states play critical roles.